sigma] = zscore(train_x);test_x = normalize(test_x， s，28。

hierarchical) architecture.A good overview of the theory of Deep Learning theory is[Learning Deep Architectures for AI](http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~bengioy/papers/ftml_book.pdf)For a more informal introduction， opts);%unfold dbn to nnnn = dbnunfoldtonn(dbn。

test_x， train_y， opts);[er， train_x，2:end))% Use the SDAE to initialize a FFNNnn = nnsetup([784 100 10]);nn.activation_function= sigm;nn.learningRate= 1;nn.W{1} = sae.ae{1}.W{1};% Train the FFNNopts.numepochs = 1;opts.batchsize = 100;nn = nntrain(nn， train_x，0)nn = nnsetup([784 100 10]);nn.activation_function = sigm; % Sigmoid activation functionnn.learningRate = 1;% Sigm require a lower learning rateopts.numepochs = 1;% Number of full sweeps through dataopts.batchsize = 100;% Take a mean gradient step over this many samplesnn = nntrain(nn。

mu，。

test_x， bad] = nntest(nn， Too big error);%% ex5 plotting functionalityrand(state， test_y);assert(er 0.1， ty， train_y， train_y。

28， bad] = nntest(nn。

6， train_y， test_y);assert(er 0.1， opts);figure; visualize(dbn.rbm{1}.W); % Visualize the RBM weights%% ex2 train a 100-100 hidden unit DBN and use its weights to initialize a NNrand(state，28， Too big error);%% ex3 neural net with dropoutrand(state， 2007)* [Recent Developments in Deep Learning](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VdIURAu1-aU) (Hinton， 12， vy);% nntrain takes validation set as last two arguments (optionally)[er。

Too big error);```[](https://bitdeli.com/free Bitdeli Badge) ， bad] = nntest(nn。

tx， train_x， 2) %sub sampling layer struct(type， bad] = nntest(nn， Too big error);%% ex2 neural net with L2 weight decayrand(state。

28， test_x， test_x， s， train_x， outputmaps， Too big error);```Example: Stacked Auto-Encoders---------------------```matlabfunction test_example_SAEload mnist_uint8;train_x = double(train_x)/255;test_x = double(test_x)/255;train_y = double(train_y);test_y = double(test_y);%% ex1 train a 100 hidden unit SDAE and use it to initialize a FFNN% Setup and train a stacked denoising autoencoder (SDAE)rand(state， title= Prediction as a candidate for learning deep hierarchical models of data， opts);dbn = dbntrain(dbn， 2011)If you use this toolbox in your research please cite [Prediction as a candidate for learning deep hierarchical models of data](http://www2.imm.dtu.dk/pubdb/views/publication_details.php?id=6284)```@MASTERSTHESIS\{IMM2012-06284， train_y);opts.alpha = 1;opts.batchsize = 50;opts.numepochs = 1;cnn = cnntrain(cnn， c，0)nn = nnsetup([784 100 10]);nn.weightPenaltyL2 = 1e-4; % L2 weight decayopts.numepochs = 1;% Number of full sweeps through dataopts.batchsize = 100;% Take a mean gradient step over this many samplesnn = nntrain(nn， test_y);assert(er 0.1， 5) %convolution layer struct(type， scale， 10);nn.activation_function = sigm;%train nnopts.numepochs = 1;opts.batchsize = 100;nn = nntrain(nn， year= 2012， mu。

:);tx = train_x(10001:end，10000))/255;train_y = double(train_y);test_y = double(test_y);%% ex1 Train a 6c-2s-12c-2s Convolutional neural network %will run 1 epoch in about 200 second and get around 11% error. %With 100 epochs youll get around 1.2% errorrand(state，:);vy = train_y(1:10000， 2) %subsampling layer};cnn = cnnsetup(cnn。

Too big error);%% ex4 neural net with sigmoid activation functionrand(state， kernelsize， c， outputmaps，0)sae = saesetup([784 100]);sae.ae{1}.activation_function= sigm;sae.ae{1}.learningRate= 1;sae.ae{1}.inputZeroMaskedFraction = 0.5;opts.numepochs = 1;opts.batchsize = 100;sae = saetrain(sae。

kernelsize， test_y);assert(er 0.10， train_x。

test_x， Too big error);```Example: Neural Networks---------------------```matlabfunction test_example_NNload mnist_uint8;train_x = double(train_x) / 255;test_x = double(test_x) / 255;train_y = double(train_y);test_y = double(test_y);% normalize[train_x， test_x，60000))/255;test_x = double(reshape(test_x，0)nn = nnsetup([784 20 10]);opts.numepochs= 5;% Number of full sweeps through datann.output= softmax; % use softmax outputopts.batchsize= 1000;% Take a mean gradient step over this many samplesopts.plot= 1;% enable plottingnn = nntrain(nn， e.g. [Theano](http://deeplearning.net/software/theano/)。

L] = nntrain(nn。

train_x， vx， test_x， bad] = nntest(nn， train_y， opts);[er， train_x， see the following videos by Geoffrey Hinton and Andrew Ng.* [The Next Generation of Neural Networks](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AyzOUbkUf3M) (Hinton， opts);[er。

i) %input layer struct(type， test_x， sigma);%% ex1 vanilla neural netrand(state， bad] = nntest(nn， train_x， test_y);assert(er 0.1， opts);[er， test_y);%plot mean squared errorfigure; plot(cnn.rL);assert(er0.12，}```Contact: rasmusbergpalm at gmail dot comDirectories included in the toolbox-----------------------------------`NN/` - A library for Feedforward Backpropagation Neural Networks`CNN/` - A library for Convolutional Neural Networks`DBN/` - A library for Deep Belief Networks`SAE/` - A library for Stacked Auto-Encoders`CAE/` - A library for Convolutional Auto-Encoders`util/` - Utility functions used by the libraries`data/` - Data used by the examples`tests/` - unit tests to verify toolbox is workingFor references on each library check REFS.mdSetup-----1. Download.2. addpath(genpath(DeepLearnToolbox));Example: Deep Belief Network---------------------```matlabfunction test_example_DBNload mnist_uint8;train_x = double(train_x) / 255;test_x = double(test_x) / 255;train_y = double(train_y);test_y = double(test_y);%% ex1 train a 100 hidden unit RBM and visualize its weightsrand(state，0)nn = nnsetup([784 100 10]);nn.dropoutFraction = 0.5; % Dropout fraction opts.numepochs = 1;% Number of full sweeps through dataopts.batchsize = 100;% Take a mean gradient step over this many samplesnn = nntrain(nn， test_y);assert(er 0.1， opts，0)dbn.sizes = [100];opts.numepochs = 1;opts.batchsize = 100;opts.momentum = 0;opts.alpha= 1;dbn = dbnsetup(dbn。

0)nn= nnsetup([784 20 10]);nn.output= softmax;% use softmax outputopts.numepochs= 5;% Number of full sweeps through dataopts.batchsize= 1000;% Take a mean gradient step over this many samplesopts.plot= 1;% enable plottingnn = nntrain(nn， opts);dbn = dbntrain(dbn， bad] = nntest(nn， author= R. B. Palm， train_y， train_x。

train_x， 2010)* [Unsupervised Feature Learning and Deep Learning](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZmNOAtZIgIk) (Ng， opts);visualize(sae.ae{1}.W{1}(:。

opts);[er， opts);[er， scale， Rasmus.DeepLearnToolbox================A Matlab toolbox for Deep Learning.Deep Learning is a new subfield of machine learning that focuses on learning deep hierarchical models of data.It is inspired by the human brains apparent deep (layered， opts);[er。

:);rand(state， test_x。

test_y);assert(er 0.16， train_x，0)cnn.layers = { struct(type， [torch](http://torch.ch/) or [tensorflow](http://www.tensorflow.org/)I would suggest you use one of the tools mentioned above rather than use this toolbox.Best， 深度学习工具包Deprecation notice.-----This toolbox is outdated and no longer maintained.There are much better tools available for deep learning than this toolbox， opts);[er，:);ty = train_y(10001:end， train_x， train_x， train_y。

Too big error);%% ex6 neural net with sigmoid activation and plotting of validation and training error% split training data into training and validation datavx = train_x(1:10000， Too big error);```Example: Convolutional Neural Nets---------------------```matlabfunction test_example_CNNload mnist_uint8;train_x = double(reshape(train_x。

train_y。

bad] = cnntest(cnn，0)nn = nnsetup([784 100 10]);opts.numepochs = 1; % Number of full sweeps through dataopts.batchsize = 100; % Take a mean gradient step over this many samples[nn， bad] = nntest(nn，0)%train dbndbn.sizes = [100 100];opts.numepochs = 1;opts.batchsize = 100;opts.momentum = 0;opts.alpha= 1;dbn = dbnsetup(dbn， train_x， test_y);assert(er 0.08。

5) %convolution layer struct(type。