Section III Translation

　　(46) By the date of his birth Europe was witnessing the passing of the religious drama, and the creation of new forms under the incentive of classical tragedy and comedy.

　　【参考译文】莎士比亚出生之时，欧洲宗教戏剧正在消逝，在古典悲剧和戏剧的推动下，很多新的戏剧形式应运而生。

　　(47) no boy who went to a grammar school could be ignorant that the drama was a form of literature which gave glory to Greece and Rome and might yet bring honor to England.

　　【参考译文】任何文法学校的学生都知道戏剧是一种文学形式，它曾给希腊和罗马带来荣耀，也许同样会给英格兰带来殊荣。

　　(48) But the professional companies prospered in their permanent theaters, and university men with literary ambitions were quick to turn to these theaters as offering a means of livelihood.

　　【参考译文】但是专业公司的永久性剧院却兴旺起来，于是高校一些有着文学抱负的人迅速抓住机遇，将其作为一个谋生手段。

　　(49) A native literary drama had been created, its alliance with the public playhouses established, and at least some of its great traditions had been begun.

　　【参考译文】一种本土文学戏剧形式诞生了，它与公共剧院结成联盟，至少它的一些优良传统开始登上历史舞台了。

　　(50) To realize how great was the dramatic activity, we must remember further that hosts of plays have been lost, and that probably there is no author of note whose entire work has survived.

　　【参考译文】为了了解戏剧性活动有多么伟大，我们必须牢记大量的戏剧已经被遗忘了，并且有可能没有一位知名作家的所有作品都保留了下来。