区别辨析clean、clear、sweep、dust、mop、wipe与scrub

2024年7月6日 词汇

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clean、clear、sweep、dust、mop、wipe与scrub这些动词均有“使干净”之意。

clean : 是这些动词中最常用的词，指将某物或某处的污物等清除掉、弄干净。

I'm going to clean the windows this morning.
今天上午我要擦窗户。

You should always clean your teeth after meals.
每次饭后你都应当清洁牙齿。

clear : 指清除不要的东西。

It took several hours to clear the road after the accident.
事故发生后，用了好几个小时来清理道路。

I'll make the coffee if you'll clear the table.
你要是去收拾桌子，我就去煮咖啡。

If you use this nasal spray, your nose should clear.
用了这种鼻腔喷剂，你的鼻塞就会好一点。

sweep : 指用扫帚等进行清扫，也用作比喻。

sweep the floor
扫地

The showroom had been emptied and swept clean.
陈列室已经清理出来，打扫干净了。

The owner of the store was sweeping his floor when I walked in.
当我走进商店的时候，店主正在扫地。

dust : 指将积落在物体表面的尘土抹去、掸掉或擦去以保干净。

I broke the vase while I was dusting.
我擦灰尘时将花瓶打碎了。

Could you dust the sitting room?
你把起居室擦一擦好吗？

mop : 侧重指用拖把擦洗地板，有时也指擦干净或擦去。

She wiped all the surfaces and mopped the floor.
她把所有的陈设都擦干净，还拖了地板。

He took out a handkerchief to mop his brow (= to remove the sweat) .
他拿出手绢来擦额头上的汗水。

wipe : 多指用布、纸等物把东西擦净，也指擦掉某物。

Do you have some paper towels that I can wipe the floor with?
你有没有我可以用来擦地板的纸巾？

I'll just get a sponge and wipe the crumbs off the table.
我这就去找块海绵把桌子上的碎屑擦掉。

Don't wipe your nose on your sleeve!
别用袖子擦鼻子！

Someone has wiped their dirty hands on my nice clean towel!
有人在我干净漂亮的毛巾上擦过脏手！

scrub : 指用硬刷、肥皂或水用力地擦洗某物。

She scrubbed (at) the mark on the wall for a long time, but it wouldn't come off.
她花了很长时间擦洗墙上的印迹，但仍然没有擦掉。

He scrubbed the old saucepan clean, and it looked as good as new.
他把旧的平底锅擦得很干净，看上去像新的一样。

I found him in the kitchen, scrubbing the floor.
我见他在厨房擦地板呢。

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